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Extracurricular/Dutch/Lesson 1 - Hoofdstuk 1.tex
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313
Extracurricular/Dutch/Lesson 1 - Hoofdstuk 1.tex
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% Options for packages loaded elsewhere
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\PassOptionsToPackage{unicode}{hyperref}
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\PassOptionsToPackage{hyphens}{url}
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%
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\documentclass[
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]{article}
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\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}
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\usepackage{lmodern}
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\usepackage{iftex}
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\ifPDFTeX
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\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
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\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
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\usepackage{textcomp} % provide euro and other symbols
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\else % if luatex or xetex
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\usepackage{unicode-math}
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\defaultfontfeatures{Scale=MatchLowercase}
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\defaultfontfeatures[\rmfamily]{Ligatures=TeX,Scale=1}
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\fi
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% Use upquote if available, for straight quotes in verbatim environments
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\IfFileExists{upquote.sty}{\usepackage{upquote}}{}
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\IfFileExists{microtype.sty}{% use microtype if available
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\usepackage[]{microtype}
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\UseMicrotypeSet[protrusion]{basicmath} % disable protrusion for tt fonts
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}{}
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\makeatletter
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\@ifundefined{KOMAClassName}{% if non-KOMA class
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\IfFileExists{parskip.sty}{%
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\usepackage{parskip}
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}{% else
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\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}
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\setlength{\parskip}{6pt plus 2pt minus 1pt}}
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}{% if KOMA class
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\KOMAoptions{parskip=half}}
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\makeatother
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\usepackage{xcolor}
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\IfFileExists{xurl.sty}{\usepackage{xurl}}{} % add URL line breaks if available
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\IfFileExists{bookmark.sty}{\usepackage{bookmark}}{\usepackage{hyperref}}
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\hypersetup{
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pdftitle={Lesson 1 - Hoofdstuk 1},
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hidelinks,
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pdfcreator={LaTeX via pandoc}}
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\urlstyle{same} % disable monospaced font for URLs
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\usepackage{longtable,booktabs,array}
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\usepackage{calc} % for calculating minipage widths
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% Correct order of tables after \paragraph or \subparagraph
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\usepackage{etoolbox}
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\makeatletter
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\patchcmd\longtable{\par}{\if@noskipsec\mbox{}\fi\par}{}{}
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\makeatother
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% Allow footnotes in longtable head/foot
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\IfFileExists{footnotehyper.sty}{\usepackage{footnotehyper}}{\usepackage{footnote}}
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\makesavenoteenv{longtable}
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\setlength{\emergencystretch}{3em} % prevent overfull lines
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\providecommand{\tightlist}{%
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\setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}\setlength{\parskip}{0pt}}
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\setcounter{secnumdepth}{-\maxdimen} % remove section numbering
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\ifLuaTeX
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\usepackage{selnolig} % disable illegal ligatures
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\fi
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\title{Lesson 1 - Hoofdstuk 1}
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\author{}
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\date{}
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\begin{document}
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\maketitle
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\hypertarget{recap}{%
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\subsection{Recap}\label{recap}}
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\begin{itemize}
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\tightlist
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\item
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Learned basic expressions
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\item
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Learned how to count (more or less)
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\item
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Understood basic conversation (70\%)
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\end{itemize}
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\hypertarget{vocabulary-additions}{%
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\subsection{Vocabulary additions}\label{vocabulary-additions}}
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\hypertarget{phrases}{%
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\subsubsection{Phrases}\label{phrases}}
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\begin{itemize}
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\tightlist
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\item
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Ik ben -\textgreater{} I am
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\item
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Ik studeen -\textgreater{} I study
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\item
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Ik woon in -\textgreater{} I reside in (country)
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\item
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Mijn naam is -\textgreater{} My name is
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\item
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Ik doe -\textgreater{} I am doing
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\item
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Hoe zeg je ... ? -\textgreater{} How do you say?
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\item
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Hoe spreek je ... \textbf{uit}? -\textgreater{} How do you pronounce
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...?
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\item
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Herhaal = Repeat
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\item
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Leer = Learn
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\item
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Maak = Make
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\item
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Kijk = Watch
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\end{itemize}
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\hypertarget{verbs}{%
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\subsubsection{Verbs}\label{verbs}}
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\begin{itemize}
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\tightlist
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\item
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luisteren -\textgreater{} to listen
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\item
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nazeggen -\textgreater{} to repeat
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\item
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lezen -\textgreater{} tor read
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\item
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oefenen -\textgreater{} to practice
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\item
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hebben -\textgreater{} to have
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\end{itemize}
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\hypertarget{nouns}{%
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\subsubsection{Nouns}\label{nouns}}
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\begin{itemize}
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\tightlist
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\item
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bladzijde -\textgreater{} page
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\item
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klemtoon -\textgreater{} emphasis
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\end{itemize}
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\hypertarget{numbers}{%
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\subsubsection{Numbers}\label{numbers}}
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\begin{longtable}[]{@{}ll@{}}
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\toprule
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English & Dutch \\
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\midrule
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\endhead
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zero & nul (nuhl) \\
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one & een (e-yn) \\
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two & twee (tvey) \\
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three & drie (dree) \\
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four & vier (fvier) \\
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five & vijf (faeif) \\
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six & zes \\
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seven & zeven (zayfe) \\
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eight & acht \\
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nine & negen (neiche) \\
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ten & tien (teen) \\
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\emph{eleven} & \emph{elf} \\
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\emph{twelve} & \emph{twaalf} (tvaalv) \\
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thir\textbf{teen} & der\textbf{tien} (dur-teen) \\
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four\textbf{teen} & veer\textbf{tien} (vierteen) \\
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fif\textbf{teen} & vijf\textbf{tien} (faif-teen) \\
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six\textbf{teen} & zes\textbf{tien} (zes-teen) \\
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seven\textbf{teen} & zeven\textbf{tien} (zayfenteen) \\
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eigh\textbf{teen} & acht\textbf{tien} (acht-teen) \\
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nine\textbf{teen} & negen\textbf{tien} (neichenteen) \\
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twenty & twintig (tvintugh) \\
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twenty-one & eenentwintig (e-yn en tvintugh) \\
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thirty & dertig (dur-tugh) \\
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fourty & veertig (fvier-tugh) \\
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fifty & vijftig (faeif-tugh) \\
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sixty & zestig (zes-tugh) \\
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seventy & zeventig (zayven-tugh) \\
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eighty & \textbf{tachtig} (tagh-tugh) \\
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ninety & negentig (neighen-tuch) \\
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hundred & honderd \\
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\bottomrule
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\end{longtable}
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\begin{itemize}
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\tightlist
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\item
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10-20 has the same logic as English
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\item
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When adding a digit to a 2-digit number (i.e. 21), you say the second
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digit first (i.e. one) and then the first (amount of 10s, i.e. 20).
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\begin{itemize}
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\tightlist
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\item
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In English, 21 would be one and twenty if the same logic applied
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\item
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21 - een en twintig
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\end{itemize}
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\item
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80 (\textbf{t}achtig) has an extra \textbf{t} in the beginning for
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some reason
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\end{itemize}
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\hypertarget{personal-pronouns}{%
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\subsection{Personal pronouns}\label{personal-pronouns}}
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\begin{longtable}[]{@{}ll@{}}
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\toprule
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Face & Pronoun \\
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\midrule
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\endhead
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1 & ik \\
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2 (informal) & jij/je \\
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2 (formal) & u \\
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3 & hij, zij / ze,het \\
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1 & wij/we \\
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2 & jullie \\
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3 & zij/ze \\
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\bottomrule
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\end{longtable}
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\hypertarget{grammatical-rules}{%
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\subsection{Grammatical rules}\label{grammatical-rules}}
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\hypertarget{formal-you}{%
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\subsubsection{Formal "you"}\label{formal-you}}
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\begin{itemize}
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\tightlist
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\item
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u -\textgreater{} formal
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\item
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jij/je -\textgreater{} informal
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\end{itemize}
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\hypertarget{difference-between-jij-je}{%
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\subsubsection{\texorpdfstring{Difference between \texttt{jij} \&
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\texttt{je}}{Difference between jij \& je}}\label{difference-between-jij-je}}
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\begin{quote}
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Jij is used when an emphasis is being put on the word. You cant say "Ik
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ben Boyan, en je?", you should say "Ik ben Boyan, en jij?"
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\end{quote}
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\texttt{jij} - is used for PARTICULAR emphasis on the person. you can
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always use the stressed form.
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Same goes for \texttt{wij}(we) and \texttt{zij}(them).
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\hypertarget{conjugation-rules}{%
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\subsubsection{Conjugation rules}\label{conjugation-rules}}
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Whenever \texttt{jij/je} appears after the verb, the t gets dropped (if
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the verb doesn't usually end in a t).
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\hypertarget{conjugation-of-regular-verbs}{%
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\subsubsection{Conjugation of regular
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verbs}\label{conjugation-of-regular-verbs}}
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luisteren - listen\\
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komen - come
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\begin{longtable}[]{@{}lll@{}}
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\toprule
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& luisteren & komen \\
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\midrule
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\endhead
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ik & luister & kom \\
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jij/je & luistert & komt \\
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u & luistert & komt \\
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hij, zij / ze, het & luistert & komt \\
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wij / we & luisteren & komen \\
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jullie & luisteren & komen \\
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zij / ze & luisteren & komen \\
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\bottomrule
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\end{longtable}
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\hypertarget{conjugation-of-irregular-verbs}{%
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\subsubsection{Conjugation of irregular
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verbs}\label{conjugation-of-irregular-verbs}}
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heb - have\\
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zijn - are
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\begin{longtable}[]{@{}lll@{}}
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\toprule
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& hebben & zijn \\
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\midrule
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\endhead
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ik & heb & ben \\
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jij/je & hebt & bent \\
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u & hebt/heeft & bent \\
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hij, zij / ze, het & heeft & is \\
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wij/we & hebben & zijn \\
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jullie & hebben & zijn \\
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zij/ze & hebben & zijn \\
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\bottomrule
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\end{longtable}
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\hypertarget{homework}{%
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\subsection{Homework}\label{homework}}
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\hypertarget{words}{%
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\subsubsection{Words}\label{words}}
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\begin{itemize}
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\tightlist
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\item
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jullie - You/Yours (plural)
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\item
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docent - teacher
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\end{itemize}
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\end{document}
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